{"id":1257,"date":"2017-10-02T22:28:06","date_gmt":"2017-10-02T22:28:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/?p=1257"},"modified":"2017-10-02T22:28:06","modified_gmt":"2017-10-02T22:28:06","slug":"old-testament-references-in-the-book-of-revelation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/?p=1257","title":{"rendered":"Old Testament References in the Book of Revelation"},"content":{"rendered":"<body><p><\/p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"  wp-image-1298 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.nickduffel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Revelation.jpg?resize=346%2C260\" alt=\"Revelation\" width=\"346\" height=\"260\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.nickduffel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Revelation.jpg?w=480&amp;ssl=1 480w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.nickduffel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Revelation.jpg?resize=300%2C225&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.nickduffel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Revelation.jpg?resize=400%2C300&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.nickduffel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Revelation.jpg?resize=430%2C323&amp;ssl=1 430w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.nickduffel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Revelation.jpg?resize=150%2C113&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.nickduffel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Revelation.jpg?resize=100%2C75&amp;ssl=1 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/>\n<p><strong>Revelation 1<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1:1 alludes to Dan 2:28-30; 2:45-47<\/p>\n<p>1:4a echoes Exod 3:14; Deut 32:39; Isa 41:4; 43:10; 44:6; 48:12<\/p>\n<p>1:4b is a paraphrased allusion to Zech 4:2-7 and perhaps Isa 11:2-10<\/p>\n<p>1:5 draws on Psalm 89:27, 37 (cf. Isa 55:4)<\/p>\n<p>1:6 echoes Exod 19:6<\/p>\n<p>1:7 is a composite of Dan 7:13 and Zech 12:10<\/p>\n<p>1:8 is perhaps based on similar clauses in Isa 41-48 (cf. Isa 41:4; 44:6; 48:12)<\/p>\n<p>1:10-11 carries the language of Ezekiel\u2019s repeated experiences in the Spirit (cf. Ezek 2:2; 3:12; etc) and also evokes Exod 19:16, 19, 20<\/p>\n<p>1:12 draws from Zech 4:2, 10 (cf. Exod 25; 37; Num 8)<\/p>\n<p>1:13-16 draws predominantly from Dan 7; 10, but is apparently pulling from Isa 11:4; 49:2; Zech 4:3, 11, 14; Ezek 1:24, 27; 43:2 as well<\/p>\n<p>1:17 follows the pattern of Dan 10:8-20 and echoes Isa 41:4; 44:6; 48:12<\/p>\n<p>1:19 is composed, like 1:1a, with terminology from Dan 2<\/p>\n<p>1:20 uses the expression \u201cmystery\u201d in the same sense as Daniel, the only OT book where it occurs<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2:7a is based on virtually the same wording found in the Synoptics, which itself alludes to Isa 6:9-11<\/p>\n<p>2:7b alludes to Gen 2-3<\/p>\n<p>2:10 contains an allusion to Dan 1:12-15<\/p>\n<p>2:14 references the events of Num 22:5-25:3; 31:8, 16<\/p>\n<p>2:14-15 continues the parallel with Balaam (cf. Num 22:23, 31)<\/p>\n<p>2:17 references Exod 16:31-36; Num 11:7<\/p>\n<p>2:20 references the events of 1 Kings 16:31-32; 21:25-26; 2 Kings 8:18; 9:22<\/p>\n<p>2:23 alludes to Jer 17:10 (cf. Ps 7:9; 28:4; 62:11; Prov 24:12; Jer 11:20)<\/p>\n<p>2:26-27 quotes Ps 2:9<\/p>\n<p>2:28 alludes to Num 24:17<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>3:4-5 points to Dan 11-12 with the imagery of \u201cwhite robes\u201d and the \u201cbook of life\u201d<\/p>\n<p>3:7-8 alludes to Isa 22:22 and Isa 45:1<\/p>\n<p>3:9 contains a collective allusion to Isa 45:14; 49:23; 60:14 and Ps 86:9<\/p>\n<p>3:10 may be alluding to Dan 12:1, 10<\/p>\n<p>3:12 evokes Isa 56:3-5 (cf. Isa 62:2; 65:15) with the promise of being a pillar in the temple. Also, \u201cthe name of the city of my God\u201d recalls Ezek 48:35<\/p>\n<p>3:14 likely points to Isa 65:15-17 with the Divine title \u201cthe Amen, the faithful and true\u201d as well as the concluding \u201cthe beginning of the creation of God\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 4<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The whole structure of the throne room vision of chapters 4 and 5 corresponds to that of Dan 7:9-28.<\/p>\n<p>4:3 combines references from Ezek 1:26, 28; 10:1 and 28:13 (cf. Exod 24:10; 28:17-20)<\/p>\n<p>4:5 is patterned after Zech 4:2-3; 4:10<\/p>\n<p>4:6a has Ezek 1:22 in the background<\/p>\n<p>4:6b-8a continues to draw from Ezek 1 (Ezek 1:5-21; cf. Ezek 10:12-15; 10:20-22)<\/p>\n<p>4:8b echoes Isa 6:3<\/p>\n<p>4:9b echoes Dan 12:7<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 5<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>5:1b evokes the imagery of Ezek 2:9b-Ezek 2:10, perhaps also merging Dan 21:1, 4, 9 with Isa 29:11<\/p>\n<p>5:2 may contain further inspiration from Dan 12:1-13 (cf. Isa 29)<\/p>\n<p>5:5 recalls Gen 49:9; Isa 11:1, 10<\/p>\n<p>5:6 broadly refers to the OT Passover lamb while perhaps carrying specific reference to Isa 53:7<\/p>\n<p>5:6 also references Zech 3:4 (cf. Zech 3:9; 4:2, 10)<\/p>\n<p>5:7 echoes Dan 7:13<\/p>\n<p>5:10 echoes Isa 19:6 and perhaps Dan 7:22b, Dan 27a<\/p>\n<p>5:11 borrows language from Dan 7:10<\/p>\n<p>5:12 combines 1 Chron 29:11-12 and Dan 2:20<\/p>\n<p>5:13 may be a collective reflection of Exod 20:11; Nehemiah 9:6; Ps 146:6 (cf. Dan 2:38; 4:37 LXX)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>6:1-8 may have Zech 6:1-8 as its main OT background (cf. Zech 1:8-15)<\/p>\n<p>6:7-8 directly alludes to Ezek 14:19-21 and possibly echoes Hos 13:8<\/p>\n<p>6:10 alludes to Ps 89:5, 10<\/p>\n<p>6:12-14 is heavily influenced by Isa 13:10-13; 24:1-6; 24:19-23; 34:4; Ezek 32:6-8; Joel 2:10, 30, 31; 3:15-16; Hab 3:6-11 (cf., secondarily, Ps 68:7-8; Jer 4:23-28; Amos 8:8-9)<\/p>\n<p>6:15 quotes Isa 34:12 LXX (cf. Ps 2:2)<\/p>\n<p>6:16 alludes to Hos 10:8 (cf. Hos 10:1-3; 11:2)<\/p>\n<p>6:17 alludes to Joel 2:10-11<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>7:2-3 holds Ezek 9 in the background<\/p>\n<p>7:9 evokes the promise to Abraham and Jacob that God would multiply their descendants, \u201cwhich shall not be numbered for multitude\u201d (e.g. Gen 16:10; 32:12)<\/p>\n<p>7:14 owes Dan 12:1 for the phrase \u201cthe great tribulation\u201d<\/p>\n<p>7:15 echoes Ezek 37:26-28 (LXX)<\/p>\n<p>7:16-17 alludes to Isa 49:9-10 (cf. Isa 25:8)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 8<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>8:3-5 is modeled to a great extent after Ezek 10:1-7<\/p>\n<p>8:4 refers to prayer metaphorically as Ps 141:2<\/p>\n<p>8:5 may have Exod 19:16-18 in mind<\/p>\n<p>8:7 is patterned after Exod 9:23-25 (LXX)<\/p>\n<p>8:8-9 alludes to Exod 7:15-24<\/p>\n<p>8:10 may extend the allusion to Exod 7 from vv. 8-9 (cf. Ps 78:44)<\/p>\n<p>8:11 may allude to Deut 29:17-18<\/p>\n<p>8:13 may allude to Hos 8:1 (cf. Jer 4:13)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>9:2 may have Exod 10:15 in view, where the locust plague is so great that it darkens the land (cf. Joel 2:2, 10)<\/p>\n<p>9:4 may be an intentional contrast with Exod 10:15 (cf. Ps 105:33-35)<\/p>\n<p>9:7-9 is based on the locust plague of Joel 1-2<\/p>\n<p>9:8 quotes Joel 1:6<\/p>\n<p>9:9 may make a partial allusion to Job 39:19-25 (LXX)<\/p>\n<p>9:14 may contain echoes of Jer 46<\/p>\n<p>9:19 echoes Job\u2019s portrait of the sea dragon, the symbol of cosmic evil (Job 40-41)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 10<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>10:1 may reflect Exod 19:9-19 and Ezek 1:26-28, but the portrait of chapter 10 is based mostly on Daniel 10-12<\/p>\n<p>10:3a may allude to Amos 3:8<\/p>\n<p>10:3b may be based on Ps 29<\/p>\n<p>10:5-7 is a direct allusion to Dan 12:7, which is a development of Deut 32:40<\/p>\n<p>10:7 may also allude to Amos 3:7<\/p>\n<p>10:9-10 is dependant on Ezek 2:8-3:3<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 11<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>11:1 may allude to the measuring of the temple in Ezek 40-48<\/p>\n<p>11:2 quotes Dan 8:13 (cf. Isa 63:18), combining it with Dan 12:7<\/p>\n<p>11:3 may assume the law of Num 35:30 (cf. Deut 17:6; 19:15)<\/p>\n<p>11:4 is dependant on Zech 4:14 (cf. Zech 4:2-3; 4:11-14)<\/p>\n<p>11:5 may echo Jer 5:14 (cf. 2 Kings 1:10)<\/p>\n<p>11:6 alludes to 1 Kings 11 and Exod 7:17-25<\/p>\n<p>11:7-8 carries language from Dan 7 (Dan 7:3, 8, 21)<\/p>\n<p>11:11 echoes Ezek 37:5, 10<\/p>\n<p>11:13 echoes Ezek 38:19<\/p>\n<p>11:18 is patterned after Jeremiah\u2019s announcement of the judgment of historical Babylon, and the contrasted blessing for the saints echoes Ps 115:13<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 12<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>12:1 is based on Gen 37:9<\/p>\n<p>12:2 carries a common OT metaphor representing Israel\u2019s sufferings (e.g. Isa 26:17-18; 66:7-9; Mic 4:9-10; 5:3), yet these texts themselves were inspired by Gen 3:15-16<\/p>\n<p>12:3 may carry an allusion to Ezek 29:3<\/p>\n<p>12:4 alludes to Dan 8:10<\/p>\n<p>12:7 is developed from Dan 10:13, 21 and Dan 12:1<\/p>\n<p>12:8 is based on nearly the same wording from Dan 2:35<\/p>\n<p>12:9-10 refers back to Gen 3:1, 14 (cf. Job 1:6-11; 2:1-6; Zech 3:1-2)<\/p>\n<p>12:14 combines allusions to Exod 19:4; Deut 1:31-33; 32:10-15<\/p>\n<p>12:15 may contain an allusion to Dan 9:24<\/p>\n<p>12:16 echoes Exod 15:12<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 13<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The depiction of the two beasts in this chapter are based in part on Job 40-41, which is the only place in the OT that portrays two satanic beasts that oppose God.<\/p>\n<p>13:1-2 is a creative reworking of Dan 7:1-7<\/p>\n<p>13:3 reflects Gen 3:15<\/p>\n<p>13:4 is based on Dan 7:6<\/p>\n<p>13:5 is a collective allusion to Dan 7:6, 8, 11, 20, 25<\/p>\n<p>13:6 alludes to Dan 7:25; 11:36<\/p>\n<p>13:7a is based on Dan 7:8 (LXX)<\/p>\n<p>13:7b-8a continues the dependence on Dan 7 by quoting Dan 7:14 but reversing it from the \u201cson of man\u201d to the \u201cbeast\u201d<\/p>\n<p>13:10 is a paraphrase combining Jer 15:2 and Jer 43:11<\/p>\n<p>13:11 alludes to Dan 7:17 (LXX)<\/p>\n<p>13:13 is an ironic echo of the ministry of Moses (e.g. Exod 4:17, 30; 10:2; 11:10)<\/p>\n<p>13:14-15 echoes Dan 3<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 14<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>14:5 carries an allusion to Zeph 3:13, which itself may be an allusion to Isa 53:9<\/p>\n<p>14:8 echoes Isa 21:9; Jer 25:15-16; 51:7-8<\/p>\n<p>14:10 echoes Isa 51:17; Jer 25:15-18; 32:15 LXX<\/p>\n<p>14:11 draws its portrait from Isa 34:9-10<\/p>\n<p>14:17-20 is developed from Joel 3:13<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 15<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>15:2 may contain an allusion to Dan 7:10<\/p>\n<p>15:3a refers to the song of Moses in Exod 15:1-18 (or perhaps Deut 32)<\/p>\n<p>15:3b carries language from throughout the OT, but particularly from Deut 28:59-60 LXX and Ps 110:2-4 LXX<\/p>\n<p>15:4 recalls Jer 10:7, but Ps 86:9-10 is the basis for most of the language<\/p>\n<p>15:7 may derive its imagery from Isa 51:17, 22<\/p>\n<p>15:8 contains a collective echo to Exod 40:34-35; 1 Kings 8:10-11; 2 Chron 5:13; Isa 6:1, 4 LXX<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>16:1 carries an allusion to Isa 66:6<\/p>\n<p>16:2 echoes Exod 9:9-11<\/p>\n<p>16:6 echoes Ps 79:3, 10, 12<\/p>\n<p>16:12 echoes Exod 14:21-22 (cf. Isa 11:15; 44:27; 50:2; 51:10)<\/p>\n<p>16:16 is likely evoking Ezek 38:21 and Zech 14:4, but Judges 5:19 is the main referent<\/p>\n<p>16:18 echoes the Sinai theophany of Exod 19, and is also influenced by Ezek 38:19-22<\/p>\n<p>16:21 alludes to Exod 9:22-34 and Ezek 38:19-22<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 17<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>17:1 echoes Jer 51:13 (Jer 28:13 LXX)<\/p>\n<p>17:3a makes an allusion to Isa 21:1-2<\/p>\n<p>17:4 makes an allusion to Jer 4:30; 2:34 (cf. Isa 1:15-22)<\/p>\n<p>17:6 uses the same metaphor as Isa 34:5-7; 49:26; Jer 46:10<\/p>\n<p>17:9b makes an allusion to Dan 7:4-7<\/p>\n<p>17:12 makes an allusion to Dan 7:7-8; 7:20; 7:24<\/p>\n<p>17:14a uses the same phraseology as Dan 7:21<\/p>\n<p>17:15 echoes Isa 17:12-13; Jer 51:13<\/p>\n<p>17:16 echoes Ezek 23:25-29; 23:47<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 18<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>18:1 alludes to Ezek 43:2<\/p>\n<p>18:2 echoes the portrayal of Babylon\u2019s fall in Isa 13:21; 34:11, 14<\/p>\n<p>18:3 recalls Ezek 27:12 LXX (cf. Ezek 27:33 LXX)<\/p>\n<p>18:4 is patterned after Jer 51:45 (cf. Isa 52:11)<\/p>\n<p>18:5 echoes Jer 51:9<\/p>\n<p>18:6 evokes Ps 136:8 (cf. Jer 27:29; 28:24)<\/p>\n<p>18:7-8 echoes Isa 47:7-9<\/p>\n<p>18:9 echoes Jer 51:8<\/p>\n<p>18:10 is patterned after Ezek 26:16-18 LXX (cf. Ezek 27:33)<\/p>\n<p>18:12-13 is based in part on Ezek 27:7-25<\/p>\n<p>18:16 is patterned after Ezek 27:12-24<\/p>\n<p>18:17b-19 is patterned after Ezek 27:28-33<\/p>\n<p>18:20 echoes Jer 51:48<\/p>\n<p>18:21 is based on Jer 51:63<\/p>\n<p>18:22-23b alludes to Isa 24:8 and its context<\/p>\n<p>18:23c-23d echoes Isa 23:9 LXX<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 19<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>19:7-8 echoes Isa 61:10<\/p>\n<p>19:13 contains an allusion to Isa 63:1-3<\/p>\n<p>19:15 is based on Isa 49:2, and echoes Isa 11:4 and Ps 2:9<\/p>\n<p>19:16 may allude to Gen 24:2, 9; 47:29<\/p>\n<p>19:17-18 alludes to Ezek 39:4; 39:17-20<\/p>\n<p>19:19 alludes to Ps 2:2<\/p>\n<p>19:21 repeats the allusion from v. 15 to Isa 49:2 and Isa 11:4<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 20<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>20:1-3 is based on Isa 24:21-22<\/p>\n<p>20:4 is based on Dan 7:9-11<\/p>\n<p>20:8-10 contains repeated allusions to Ezek 38-39<\/p>\n<p>20:11 alludes to Dan 7:9; Ezek 1:26-28<\/p>\n<p>20:12 combines allusions to Dan 7:10 and Dan 12:1-2<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 21<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>21:1 echoes Isa 65:17; 66:22<\/p>\n<p>21:2 echoes Isa 52:1b<\/p>\n<p>21:3 echoes Ezek 43:7 and Ezek 37:26-28<\/p>\n<p>21:4 alludes to Isa 25:8; 35:10; 51:11; 65:17<\/p>\n<p>21:5 draws from Isa 43:19 LXX<\/p>\n<p>21:6 alludes to Isa 49:10<\/p>\n<p>21:7 alludes to 2 Sam 7:14 may be inspired by Isa 55:1-3<\/p>\n<p>21:9-10 combines allusions to Ezek 43:5 LXX and Ezek 40:1-2 LXX<\/p>\n<p>21:11 echoes Isa 58:8; 60:1-2; 60:19<\/p>\n<p>21:12-13 echoes Ezek 40:5-6; 42:15-19; 48:31-34<\/p>\n<p>21:15 alludes to Ezek 40:3-5<\/p>\n<p>21:16 alludes to Ezek 45:2-3, and may also have 1 Kings 6:20 in mind<\/p>\n<p>21:18-20 is based on 1 Kings 6:20-22; Exod 28:17-20; Isa 54:11-12<\/p>\n<p>21:23 is based on Isa 60:19 (cf. Isa 24:23)<\/p>\n<p>21:24-26 alludes to Isa 60:3, 5, 11<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Revelation 22<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>22:1-2a combines Zech 14:8 and Ezek 47:1-9, but goes back ultimately to Gen 2:10<\/p>\n<p>22:2b is based on Ezek 47:12 (cf. Isa 41:17-20; 43:18-20)<\/p>\n<p>22:3 echoes Zech 14:11<\/p>\n<p>22:5 alludes to Num 6:25-27<\/p>\n<p>22:10 echoes Dan 12:4<\/p>\n<p>22:11 echoes Dan 12:10<\/p>\n<p>22:12a echoes Isa 47:11; Mal 3:1 (cf. Jer 6:26)<\/p>\n<p>22:12b is an allusion to Isa 40:10; 62:11<\/p>\n<p>22:14 picks up Isa 60 and Gen 3 again, and perhaps includes Ps 118:20 also<\/p>\n<p>22:15 may echo Jer 8:10; Ps 101:3; 101:7-8; Mal 3:5<\/p>\n<p>22:16-17 echoes Isa 11:1 and Isa 55:1<\/p>\n<p>22:18-19 echoes Deut 4:1-2; 29:19-20<\/p>\n<p><!-- Go Here: http:\/\/labs.bible.org\/NETBibleTagger to add this to your site. --><br>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\" defer src=\"https:\/\/labs.bible.org\/api\/NETBibleTagger\/v2\/netbibletagger.js\">\n<\/script><\/p>\n<\/body>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Revelation 1 1:1 alludes to Dan 2:28-30; 2:45-47 1:4a echoes Exod 3:14; Deut 32:39; Isa 41:4; 43:10; 44:6; 48:12 1:4b is a paraphrased allusion to Zech 4:2-7 and perhaps Isa 11:2-10 1:5 draws on Psalm 89:27, 37 (cf. Isa 55:4) 1:6 echoes Exod 19:6 1:7 is a composite of Dan 7:13 and Zech 12:10 1:8&hellip;&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/?p=1257\" rel=\"bookmark\">Read More &raquo;<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Old Testament References in the Book of Revelation<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[11],"tags":[31,155],"class_list":["post-1257","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-resources","tag-bible","tag-resources-2"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7EHHr-kh","jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1257","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1257"}],"version-history":[{"count":51,"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1257\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1309,"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1257\/revisions\/1309"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1257"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1257"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nickduffel.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1257"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}